Module 5

Main Progression - Functional Groups in Organic Chemistry and Stereochemistry.

Review & Preview - There are no specific Review - Preview Goals this module because in the Main Progression survey of the Functional Groups we are taking a comprehensive tour of the organic reactions. In other words, the distinction between the two modes of study is not as important this module.

Knowledge Mapping - A great deal of coaching advice on mastering the organic reaction mechanisms and some key discussions in the organic context to prepare us for Chemical Thermodynamics.

Verbal Reasoning and Essay - Review the types of Verbal Reasoning questions and take a Verbal Reasoning practice exam. Analyze your performance. Write an essay.

Main Progression

Videos

Videos

Assignments

Browse the Stereochemistry Image Gallery and read the Glossary. Perform the simple Crossword Puzzle from this topic. Here is the Solution to the crossword for Stereochemistry. Read pp 19-25 in Examkrackers Organic. Perform Questions 17-24 on pp 26. Review the Stereochemistry external resources in the Learning Center. This material is absolutely essential for the MCAT.

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Goals

	Understand the factors making the staggered conformation of ethane more stable than the eclipsed conformation.
	Be able to recreate the potential energy diagram for internal rotation around the central carbon-carbon bond in butane, and be capable of differentiating the two staggered conformations of butane, gauche and anti.
	Understand the potential energy diagram for the various conformations of cyclohexane: chair, half-chair, skew boat, and boat and grasp the conformational analysis of mono- and di-substitution of cyclohexane.
	Understand the distinctions between the various kinds of molecular isomerism beginning with geometric isomerism vs. stereoisomerism (involving chirality) and proceed to the distinctions within these categories.
	Be able to correctly determine whether two stereoisomers are enantiomers or diastereomers, and be aware of what it means for a molecule to be a meso form.
	Understand the different systems of stereochemical nomenclature. With carbohydrate nomenclature, you only need the most basic familiarity. The MCAT won't expect a great deal.
	Learn how to solve problems with molecules having multiple chiral centers such as predicting the number of stereoisomers and recognizing which are enantiomers.
	Be able to predict which reactions produce racemic mixtures, for example, and be able to discuss laboratory techniques involving resolution of enantiomers.

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Knowledge Mapping

 

Verbal Reasoning

Assignments

Revisit the WikiPremed treatment of Verbal Reasoning on the MCAT. Read Lecture 3 in Examkrackers Verbal Reasoning and take the 3rd In-Class Exam. Go through the test you completed. Label every question by type in the margin: Main Idea, Author's Tone, Thematic Extension, Specific Inference, or Facts & Information. Which types seem to be giving the most problems? In the ones you missed, how do your chosen answers differ from the correct answers?

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Goals

	Remember the five main types of Verbal Reasoning questions. Main Idea Author's Tone Thematic Extension Specific Inference Facts & Information
Verbal Reasoning Tip of the Week Both Thematic Extension and Specific Inference questions require you to look beyond the text. With these types of questions, an answer chioce containing wording that is a direct repetition from the passage is usually wrong.

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Essay

MECHANICS AND WAVES		Course Modules
	Kinematics Newton's Laws Work, Energy, and Power Momentum and Impulse
	Rotation Harmonic Motion Elastic Properties of Solids Fluid Mechanics Waves
FUNDAMENTAL FORCES
* * *	Gravitation Electricity
THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER
	Atomic Theory Periodic Properties The Chemical Bond Intermolecular Forces
	Functional Groups in Organic Chemistry Stereochemistry
THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS
	Temperature and Heat Flow The Ideal Gas and Kinetic Theory The First Law of Thermodynamics Stoichiometry Thermochemistry
	The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Heat Engines Chemical Thermodynamics and the Equilibrium State The States of Matter The Physical Properties of Organic Compounds Chemical Kinetics
SOLUTIONS AND AQUEOUS SYSTEMS
	Water Solutions Acids and Bases Organic Acids and Bases
ORGANIC REACTION CHEMISTRY
	Nucleophiles and Electrophiles Intramolecular Cationic Rearrangements Reactions with Radical Intermediates Conjugated π Systems and Aromaticity Reactions of Alkanes Reactions of Alkenes Reactions of Alkynes Reactions of Alkyl Halides Reactions of Allylic and Benzylic Conjugation Reactions of Aromatic Compounds Reactions of Alcohols and Ethers Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Reactions of Amines Reactions of Organic Phosphorus Compounds Reactions of Organic Sulfur Compounds
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BIOMOLECULES
	Proteins Carbohydrates Nucleic Acids Lipids
THE CELL
	Biological Membranes The Prokaryotic Cell The Eukaryotic Cell
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOSYNTHESIS
	Coordination Chemistry Oxidation/Reduction Oxidation/Reduction in Organic Chemistry Electrochemistry Bioenergetics and Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis  optional for MCAT Integration of Metabolism
GENETICS & REPRODUCTION
	Gene Expression Cellular Reproduction Mendelian Genetics Recombination and Mutation The Molecular Biology Laboratory Human Genetics
DIVERSITY OF LIFE
	Viruses Monera Protista  taxonomy optional for MCAT Fungi Plants  optional for MCAT Animals  taxonomy optional for MCAT Animal Development and Embryology
	Mammalian Tissues and Histology
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
	The Nervous System Sensory Systems The Endocrine System The Musculoskeletal System The Cardiovascular System Blood The Respiratory System The Lymphatic System and Immunity The Urinary System The Digestive System and Nutrition The Reproductive System
POPULATION BIOLOGY
	Evolution Ecology
ELECTROMAGNETISM, LIGHT, AND MODERN PHYSICS
	Electricity DC Current Magnetism Electomagnetic Induction AC Current
	The Properties of Light Geometric Optics Wave Optics
	Modern Physics  relativity optional for MCAT Molecular Spectroscopy
	Molecular Spectroscopy Nuclear Physics
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