Module 6

Main Progression - Heat and Temperature, The Ideal Gas and Kinetic Theory, The First Law of Thermodynamics, Stoichiometry, and Thermochemistry.

Review & Preview - A retrospective cycle, reviewing the Main Progression Topics covered in previous modules.

Knowledge Mapping - An extremely important module bringing to fruition earlier work in the fundamentals of Physics and Chemistry.

Verbal Reasoning and Essay - Reading program, exercises, and writing assignment.

Main Progression

Videos

Assignments

Take five minutes to browse the Heat & Temperature Images and read the Glossary to prime yourself mentally for this topic. Make sure you are familiar with basic vocabulary. Perform the Fundamental Terms Crossword Puzzle. When you are ready, click here for the Solution. Master the Concept and Question cards for Heat & Temperature from the Learning System for Physics.

Heat & Temperature concepts are treated by Examkrackers in the Chemistry volume. Read pp 46-47 in Examkrackers Chemisty as well as pp 79-81. Solve practice problems on p 82. Review the Heat & Temperature external resources for each of the subtopics of Heat & Temperature within the Learning Center.

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Goals

	Understand the basis of the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scale and be prepared to convert between Celsius, Kelvin and Fahrenheit.
	Be able to solve basic thermal expansion problems.
	Comprehend heat capacity including specific heat and molar heat capacity.
	Be prepared to describe the physical basis heat transmission by conduction, convection, or radiation.
	Understand how the rate of heat flow by conduction as well as the rate of heat flow by radiation are determined.

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Videos

Assignments

Browse the Ideal Gas & Kinetic Theory Images and read the Glossary to get a feel for the field of reference for the topic and the basic vocabulary. Reinforce preparation for Ideal Gas & Kinetic Theory with the Fundamental Terms Crossword Puzzle. Click here for the Solution. Master the Concept and Question cards for Ideal Gas & Kinetic Theory from the Learning System for Physics.

Read pp. 23-27 in Examkrackers Chemistry. Practice with the questions on p. 28 Finish your Main Progression work on Ideal Gas & Kinetic Theory with a review tour of the Ideal Gas external resources in the Learning Center.

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Goals

	Understand the definition of an ideal gas and how ideal gases may differ from real gases.
	Possess a clear understanding of the quantities that specify the state of an ideal gas, its volume, pressure, and temperature.
	Fluently interconvert pressure units among pascals, standard atmospheres, and torr.
	Reproduce the formulas and solve problems using the gas laws including Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, the Combined Gas Law and the Ideal Gas Law.
	Strive to understand in an intuitive way what it means to say that "for an ideal gas there must be 0.0821 liter atmospheres for every mole degree kelvin".
	Relate the ideal gas macrostate (pressure, volume, temperature) to the behavior of the gas at the particle level as described in the kinetic theory of gases.
	Comprehend the relationship between the temperature of an ideal gas and the average kinetic energy of ideal gas molecules.
	Understand the relationship between molecular speed and molecular mass for two different gases at the same temperature.

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Videos

Assignments

Browse the 1st Law of Thermodynamics Images and read the 1st Law of Thermodynamics Glossary to get a feel for the topic and its basic vocabulary. Here is the Fundamental Terms Crossword Puzzle for the 1st Law of Thermodynamics and the Solution. Read pp. 45-49 in Examkrackers Chemistry. Do the problem set on 51-52. Perform the Thermodynamics Practice Items Here is the Answer Key.

Work through the Concept and Question cards for the 1st Law of Thermodynamics from the Learning System for Physics. Close the circle with a review tour of the 1st Law of Thermodynamics resources in the Learning Center.

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Goals

	Understand the meaning of 'heat flow' and 'thermodynamic work'.
	Explain the First Law of Thermodynamics in clear, simple terms.
	Narrate an adiabatic compression or expansion, an isovolumetric transformation, and an isothermal compression or expansion in terms of the First Law of Thermodynamics.
	Be able to interpret heat flow, work, and internal energy change for the model thermodynamic transformations of an ideal gas on a pressure-volume diagram.

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Videos

Assignments

Perform the Crossword Puzzle to get oriented a bit. Here is the Solution. Read Examkrackers Chemistry pp. 10-14 and perform the questions on page 15.

Perform the problems in the WikiPremed Stoichiometry Practice Items. Here is the Answer Key. Take a review tour of the Stoichiometry resources in the Learning Center.

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Goals

	Read chemical equations fluently. Understand the meaning of element symbols, coefficients, reaction conditions, reaction arrows and substance state symbols.
	Distinguish empirical and molecular formulas.
	Fluently solve percent composition problems.
	Answer the question 'What is a Mole?' in clear simple terms. Explain the usefulness of the concept.
	Understand how to balance chemical equations.
	Confidently solve percent yield and limiting reagent problems.

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Videos

Assignments

Browse the Thermochemistry Images and read the Thermochemistry Glossary to get a feel for the topic and its basic vocabulary. Peform the basic vocabulary Crossword Puzzle for waves to solidify your mastery of the basic conceptual vocabulary before proceeding. Here is the Solution. Read pp. 53-57 in Examkrackers Chemistry and perform the problems on p 58.

Take a review tour of the Thermochemistry resources in the Learning Center. Of the resources, Perdue and especially chem1.com are excellent in this area. Ensure mastery with the WikiPremed Thermochemistry Problem Set. Here is the Solution.

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Goals

	Conceptually visualize the atomic, molecular and intermolecular level within a chemical substance to understand how internal energy changes during chemical processes.
	Explain conservation of energy in chemical systems in terms of the first law of thermodynamics.
	Understand the concept of enthalpy as a state function and what leads to enthalpy change.
	e capable of using thermochemical terminology to explain the time-temperature graph of the transformation of ice into steam.
	Comprehend the importance of Hess's Law of Heat Summation both for intuitive reasoning and practical problem solving.
	Appreciate the underlying basis in Hess's Law for the Standard Enthalpies of Formation. Obtain skill in using Standard Enthalpies to assign enthalpy change to chemical reactions.

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Review & Preview

 

Knowledge Mapping

 

Verbal Reasoning

 

Essay

MECHANICS AND WAVES		Course Modules
	Kinematics Newton's Laws Work, Energy, and Power Momentum and Impulse
* * *	Rotation Harmonic Motion Elastic Properties of Solids Fluid Mechanics Waves
FUNDAMENTAL FORCES
	Gravitation Electricity
THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER
	Atomic Theory Periodic Properties The Chemical Bond Intermolecular Forces
	Functional Groups in Organic Chemistry Stereochemistry
THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS
	Temperature and Heat Flow The Ideal Gas and Kinetic Theory The First Law of Thermodynamics Stoichiometry Thermochemistry
	The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Heat Engines Chemical Thermodynamics and the Equilibrium State The States of Matter The Physical Properties of Organic Compounds Chemical Kinetics
SOLUTIONS AND AQUEOUS SYSTEMS
	Water Solutions Acids and Bases Organic Acids and Bases
ORGANIC REACTION CHEMISTRY
	Nucleophiles and Electrophiles Intramolecular Cationic Rearrangements Reactions with Radical Intermediates Conjugated π Systems and Aromaticity Reactions of Alkanes Reactions of Alkenes Reactions of Alkynes Reactions of Alkyl Halides Reactions of Allylic and Benzylic Conjugation Reactions of Aromatic Compounds Reactions of Alcohols and Ethers Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Reactions of Amines Reactions of Organic Phosphorus Compounds Reactions of Organic Sulfur Compounds
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BIOMOLECULES
	Proteins Carbohydrates Nucleic Acids Lipids
THE CELL
	Biological Membranes The Prokaryotic Cell The Eukaryotic Cell
BIOENERGETICS AND BIOSYNTHESIS
	Coordination Chemistry Oxidation/Reduction Oxidation/Reduction in Organic Chemistry Electrochemistry Bioenergetics and Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis  optional for MCAT Integration of Metabolism
GENETICS & REPRODUCTION
	Gene Expression Cellular Reproduction Mendelian Genetics Recombination and Mutation The Molecular Biology Laboratory Human Genetics
DIVERSITY OF LIFE
	Viruses Monera Protista  taxonomy optional for MCAT Fungi Plants  optional for MCAT Animals  taxonomy optional for MCAT Animal Development and Embryology
	Mammalian Tissues and Histology
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
	The Nervous System Sensory Systems The Endocrine System The Musculoskeletal System The Cardiovascular System Blood The Respiratory System The Lymphatic System and Immunity The Urinary System The Digestive System and Nutrition The Reproductive System
POPULATION BIOLOGY
	Evolution Ecology
ELECTROMAGNETISM, LIGHT, AND MODERN PHYSICS
	Electricity DC Current Magnetism Electomagnetic Induction AC Current
	The Properties of Light Geometric Optics Wave Optics
	Modern Physics  relativity optional for MCAT Molecular Spectroscopy
	Molecular Spectroscopy Nuclear Physics
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